How & Why to Segment Your Customers

Segmentation is the process of defining who, along the spectrum of potential groups, should be your customer (who is most likely to value your offer, product or service).  Segmentation shapes every piece of the marketing strategy since the reason you exist is because you create value for a customer group.  Read why it is critical that your marketing strategy start with the customer here.

The segmentation process deserves time and thought. Below I've outlined the steps to start the segmentation process. You should seriously consider if you need to hire a marketing professional to help you complete your segmentation study if you do not have the expertise yourself. 

Segmentation Steps:

Brainstorm: Who are the Buyers?

Who are all the potential buyers or consumers of your product or service?  Make a list.  Get creative.  Think about different ways to describe them.

Brainstorm:  Consider Different Ways to Segment the Consumers

Think:  what are all the different ways you could divide the list of buyers & consumers you made?

Some common differentiators include geographic (city, nation, rural vs urban, etc.), demographic (age, income, gender, etc.) and lifestyle (luxury, modest, etc.). 

Push beyond these generalities and consider how consumers use or engage with your product or service (at a category level). For example, are there heavy users & light users?  Do they value different benefits - price vs performance?

Define the Segments

Give your segments names & descriptions.

For each segment, describe:

1) use of product or service, 

2) benefits they seek from the product, 

3) attitude and level of loyalty toward product, and

4) pain points or satisfaction level with existing options.

Create Scenarios & Evaluate

For each segment, consider what it would mean for you & your organization if you pick them.  

Take time to explore each segment fully to understand the implications to channel selection or distribution, pricing & brand positioning.

Pick a Segment

Deciding which segment to select depends on several factors.  You need to assess:

1) your "own-able" competitive advantage,

2) your business goals, 

3) available resources and 

4) the expected return or profitability of the different segments.  

Develop Your Positioning Statement

This is one of the hardest steps, but it is very important.  The goal is to "define the specific position you want to occupy in the mind of the target audience you chose." 

This is based on 3 critical elements: 

1) your point of difference or competitive advantage over the other choices your target audience has (your claim), 

2) the reason to believe your point of difference (your proof), 

3) the end benefit your target audience receives (emotional benefit, not functional).

Read more about the concept of positioning from the people who originated the idea in the short book Positioning: The Battle for Your Mind. 

Got a question about segmentation?  Need help?  Email me.

Why You Need To Segment Your Customers

A worthy re-post. I originally posted this in July 2010, if you missed it, now's your chance!

Often businesses and organizations skip a critical step in formation of their marketing strategy - target audience segmentation, or essentially defining who, along the spectrum of potential customers, to attempt to serve.  Segmentation shapes every piece of the marketing strategy since the customer, not the product or service, determine the game plan and rules by which the game is played.

So why do smart people (like you perhaps) skip it?  Common response:

In reality, many people just don't understand the power of segmentation or how to do it well. 

As I mentioned, segmentation drives key decisions related to your marketing strategy.  To do it well does take time, but it is absolutely, one-hundred percent worth it.   And even if your product is designed for the mass market, you still need segmentation to define who the most likely early adopters are and how to engage them.

For example, a chocolate brand segmenting the market based on use habits may choose to target those who primarily use chocolate for cooking & baking, while another might target those using it for daily snacking.  The choice has important implications for what kind of chocolates to make & in what shapes, how to package & price their chocolates, and where to sell it. 

Segmentation involves deciding on what basis to divide the variety of consumers that might benefit from your product or service.

Thought-starters:  How does your organization segment the market?  How should they segment it?  Are you using the right marketing tools to reach the segment you've chosen?

Need help answering these questions?  Email me.

How well do you know your customer?

How well do you know your customer?  

Do you know them as well as you know your best friend?  You should.  

You should understand their aspirations, their dreams, their fears & deepest desires.  And you should absolutely understand where you create value in their life and why they love you for it.

Take Anthropologie as a great example.  During the economic downturn, while retailers such as Gap struggled, Anthro, and therefore its parent company, thrived.

Why?

Because they continued to deliver what their core customer values about them, and nothing else.   And I'm not talking about just merchandise, but the entire shopping experience is built around her.  That has created extremely passionate customers who don't fade away when economic troubles arise.  

How did they do that?  And, how can you do that?

By knowing the core customer intimately:

 Ask anyone at Anthropologie who that customer is, and they can rattle off a demographic profile:  30 to 45 years old, college or post-graduate education, married with kids or in a committed relationship, professional or ex-professional, annual household income of $150,000 to $200,000. But those dry matters of fact don't suffice to flesh out the living, breathing woman most Anthropologists call "our friend." They can go deeper and describer her in psychographic terms: She's well-read and well-traveled. She is very aware -- she gets our references, whether it's to a town in Europe or to a book or a movie. She's urban minded. She's into cooking, gardening, and wine. She has a natural curiosity about the world. She's relatively fit.

These insights infuse everything Antrhropologie does, from designing its stores to be "a world of discovery, as if she (the core customer) is on a journey or trip."  Stores are designed using local artists that also understand the overall Antrho brand to create a consistent, yet unique & local feel to each store.  Catalogs are shot in different countries all of the world to appeal to "her".  Merchandise sets trends, just like "she" does.  

You can create passionate customers too, but you have to take the time to get to know them first.  Then, you have to build everything around them - from your messages to packaging to the way your customer service reps answer the phone.  

You can read more about Anthro's approach here.

Why your marketing strategy has to start with the customer

Often businesses and organizations skip a critical step in formation of their marketing strategy - target audience segmentation, or essentially defining who, along the spectrum of potential customers, to attempt to serve.  Segmentation shapes every piece of the marketing strategy since the customer, not the product or service, determine the game plan and rules by which the game is played.

So why do smart people (like you perhaps) skip it?  Common response:

In reality, many people just don't understand the power of segmentation or how to do it well. 

As I mentioned, segmentation drives key decisions related to your marketing strategy.  To do it well does take time, but it is absolutely, one-hundred percent worth it.   And even if your product is designed for the mass market, you still need segmentation to define who the most likely early adopters are and how to engage them.

For example, a chocolate brand segmenting the market based on use habits may choose to target those who primarily use chocolate for cooking & baking, while another might target those using it for daily snacking.  The choice has important implications for what kind of chocolates to make & in what shapes, how to package & price their chocolates, and where to sell it. 

Segmentation involves deciding on what basis to divide the variety of consumers that might benefit from your product or service.

Thought-starters:  How does your organization segment the market?  How should they segment it?  Are you using the right marketing tools to reach the segment you've chosen?

Need help answering these questions?  Email me.